1. Introduction to OAM
Operations, Administration and Management (OAM) are the processes, activities, tools, and standards involved with performing operational, administrative, and management tasks. RBFS provides the following OAM features that enable you troubleshoot RtBrick software:
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IP ping
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IP traceroute
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IP ping on an MPLS transport
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IP traceroute on an MPLS transport
MPLS ping and traceroute will be supported in the later releases
1.1. Supported Platforms
Not all features are necessarily supported on each hardware platform. Refer to the Platform Guide for the features and the sub-features that are or are not supported by each platform.
2. Using OAM Commands
2.1. Guidelines
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Execute the OAM commands in the operation mode of cli.
admin@rtbrick:~$ cli admin@rtbrick: cfg> switch-mode operation Activating syntax mode : op [operation] admin@rtbrick: op>
2.2. IP Ping
The IP ping utility is used to check the reachability of an IP address.
2.2.1. IP ping in default instance
The ping command allows you to ping to a destination to see if a networked device is reachable.
Syntax
ping <destination-ip> [source-interface <interface>] count <count> interval <interval> size <size> source-ip <source-ip> ttl <ttl> tos <tos>
Command Parameters
| destination-ip | ipv4 destination address |
|---|---|
interface |
source interface |
count |
count of the ping packet (default 5) |
do-not-fragment |
set the do-not-fragment (DF) bit in IP header |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
size |
size of the ping packet (default 60) |
source-ip |
IPv4 source address |
ttl |
Time-to-live to be used in the packet |
tos |
Type of Service (TOS) to be used in the packet |
Example
admin@rtbrick: op> ping 198.51.100.111 68 bytes from 198.51.100.111: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=11.8707 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.111: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.9824 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.111: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=5.0726 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.111: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=5.6529 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.111: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=10.6588 ms Statistics: 5 sent, 5 received, 0% packet loss
2.2.2. IP ping in specific instance and afi/safi
This command allows you to ping to a destination in a particular VRF.
Syntax
ping <destination-ip> [instance <instance-name> afi <afi> safi<safi>] [source-interface <interface>] count <count> interval <interval> size <size> source-ip <source-ip> ttl <ttl> tos <tos>
Command Parameters
destination-ip |
ipv4 destination address |
instance-name |
instance on which ping has to be executed |
afi |
IPv4 Address Family Identifier (AFI) |
safi |
Subsequent address family identifier (SAFI) |
interface |
source interface |
count |
count of the ping packet (default 5) |
do-not-fragment |
set the do-not-fragment (DF) bit in IP header |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
size |
size of the ping packet (default 60) |
source-ip |
IPv4 source address |
ttl |
Time-to-live to be used in the packet |
tos |
Type of Service (TOS) to be used in the packet |
|
The afi/safi attributes are optional; if not specified, afi would be ipv4 and safi would be unicast. |
Example
admin@rtbrick: op> ping 198.51.100.80 instance ip2vrf afi ipv4 safi labeled-unicast 68 bytes from 198.51.100.80: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=18.1306 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.80: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=32.1058 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.80: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=19.8205 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.80: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=20.0144 ms 68 bytes from 198.51.100.80: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=32.0085 ms Statistics: 5 sent, 5 received, 0% packet loss
2.3. IPv6 Ping
The IPv6 ping utility is used to check the reachability of an IPv6 address.
2.3.1. IPv6 ping in default instance
The ping command allows you to ping to an IPv6 destination to see if a networked device is reachable.
Syntax
ping <destination-ipv6> [source-interface <interface>] count <count> interval <interval> size <size> source-ip <source-ipv6> ttl <ttl> tos <tos>
Command Parameters
destination-ipv6 |
ipv6 destination address |
interface |
source interface |
count |
count of the ping packet (default 5) |
do-not-fragment |
set the do-not-fragment (DF) bit in IP header |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
size |
size of the ping packet (default 60) |
source-ipv6 |
IPv6 source address |
ttl |
Time-to-live to be used in the packet |
tos |
Type of Service (TOS) to be used in the packet |
Example
admin@rtbrick: op> ping 2001:db8:0:42:: 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=.0503 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=.0321 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=.0314 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=.0325 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=.0354 ms Statistics: 5 sent, 5 received, 0% packet loss
2.3.2. IPv6 ping in specific instance and afi/safi
This command allows you to ping to an IPv6 destination in a particular VRF.
Syntax
ping <destination-ipv6> [instance <instance-name> afi<afi> safi<safi>] [source-interface <interface>] count <count> interval <interval> size <size> source-ip <source-ipv6> ttl <ttl> tos <tos>
Command Parameters
destination-ipv6 |
ipv6 destination address |
instance-name |
instance on which ping has to be executed |
afi |
IPv4 Address Family Identifier (AFI) |
safi |
Subsequent address family identifier (SAFI) |
interface |
source interface |
count |
count of the ping packet (default 5) |
do-not-fragment |
set the do-not-fragment (DF) bit in IP header |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
size |
size of the ping packet (default 60) |
source-ipv6 |
IPv6 source address |
ttl |
Time-to-live to be used in the packet |
tos |
Type of Service (TOS) to be used in the packet |
|
|
The afi/safi attributes are optional; if not specified, afi would be ipv6 and safi would be unicast. |
Example
admin@rtbrick: op> ping 2001:db8:0:42:: instance abc afi ipv6 safi labeled-unicast 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=.0503 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=.0321 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=.0314 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=.0325 ms 68 bytes from 2001:db8:0:42::: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=.0354 ms Statistics: 5 sent, 5 received, 0% packet loss
2.4. IP traceroute
2.4.1. IP traceroute in default instance
This command allows you to traceroute to a particular IP destination.
Syntax
traceroute <destination-ip> [source-interface <interface>] repeat <repeat> interval <interval> size <pktsize> source-ip <source-ip> maxhop <maxhop>
destination-ip |
ipv4 destination address |
interface |
source interface |
repeat |
no of packets for each hop (default 3) |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
pktsize |
size of the traceroute packet (default 60) |
source-ip |
source IP address |
maxhop |
max number of hops before the TTL expires (default 30) |
Example
admin@rtbrick: op> traceroute 198.51.100.80 traceroute to 198.51.100.80, 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 198.51.100.90 39.401 ms 19.919 ms 20.074 ms 2 198.51.100.80 55.544 ms 36.765 ms 45.989 ms
2.4.2. IP traceroute in specific instance and afi/safi
This command allows you to traceroute to a particular IP destination in a specific VRF.
Syntax
traceroute <destination-ip> [instance <instance-name> afi <afi> safi<safi>] [source-interface <interface>] repeat <repeat> interval <interval> size <pktsize> source-ip <source-ip> maxhop <maxhop>
destination-ip |
ipv4 destination address |
instance-name |
instance on which traceroute has to be executed |
afi |
IPv4 Address Family Identifier (AFI) |
safi |
Subsequent address family identifier (SAFI) |
interface |
source interface |
repeat |
no of packets for each hop (default 3) |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
pktsize |
size of the traceroute packet (default 60) |
source-ip |
source IP address |
maxhop |
max number of hops before the TTL expires (default 30) |
|
|
The afi/safi attributes are optional; if not specified, afi would be ipv4 and safi would be unicast. |
Example
supervisor@S1-STD-28-2901>bm13-tst.fsn.rtbrick.net: cfg> traceroute 198.51.100.80 instance default afi ipv4 safi labeled-unicast source-interface
ifl-0/0/0/1 source-ip 198.51.100.55
traceroute to 198.51.100.80 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 198.51.100.12 4.961 ms .421 ms .503 ms
MPLS Label=20071 Exp=0 TTL=1 S=1
2 198.51.100.80 .995 ms 6.456 ms .813 ms
|
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For the MPLS transport, it displays the ingress labels in each hop. |
2.5. IPv6 traceroute
2.5.1. IPv6 traceroute in default instance
This command allows you to traceroute to a particular IP destination.
Syntax
traceroute <destination-ipv6> [source-interface <interface>] repeat <repeat> interval <interval> size <pktsize> source-ip <source-ipv6> maxhop <maxhop>
destination-ipv6 |
ipv6 destination address |
interface |
source interface |
repeat |
no of packets for each hop (default 3) |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
pktsize |
size of the traceroute packet (default 60) |
source-ip |
IPv6 source address |
maxhop |
max number of hops before the TTL expires (default 30) |
Example
admin@rtbrick: op> traceroute 2001:db8:0:75:: traceroute to 2001:db8:0:75:: 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 2001:db8:0:90:: 21.247 ms 20.232 ms 20.052 ms 2 2001:db8:0:75:: 50.124 ms 59.822 ms 40.032 ms
2.5.2. IPv6 traceroute in specific instance and afi/safi
This command allows you to traceroute to a particular IPv6 destination in a specific VRF.
Syntax
traceroute <destination-ipv6> [instance <instance-name> afi<afi> safi<safi>] [source-interface <interface>] repeat <repeat> interval <interval> size <pktsize> source-ip <source-ipv6> maxhop <maxhop>
destination-ipv6 |
ipv6 destination address |
instance-name |
instance on which traceroute has to be executed |
afi |
IPv4 Address Family Identifier (AFI) |
safi |
Subsequent address family identifier (SAFI) |
interface |
source interface |
repeat |
no of packets for each hop (default 3) |
interval |
interval between the packets (default 1 sec) |
pktsize |
size of the traceroute packet (default 60) |
source-ip |
IPv6 source address |
maxhop |
max number of hops before the TTL expires (default 30) |
|
|
The afi/safi attributes are optional; if not specified, afi would be ipv6 and safi would be unicast. |
Example
supervisor@S1-STD-28-2901>bm13-tst.fsn.rtbrick.net: cfg> traceroute 2001:db8:0:75:: instance default afi ipv6 safi labeled-unicast source-interface
ifl-0/0/0/1 source-ip 2001:db8:0:11::
traceroute to 2001:db8:0:75:: 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 2001:db8:0:90:: 6.782 ms .306 ms 6.380 ms
MPLS Label=20072 Exp=0 TTL=1 S=1
2 2001:db8:0:75:: .434 ms .657 ms .844 ms
|
|
For the MPLS transport, it displays the ingress labels in each hop. |
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